1. 應對廚房、衛生間的標高復核正確，特別注意地漏的標高位置正確。2. 對地漏、管道根部墻洞質量要仔細檢查，墻洞要密實合格，找平層施工時管道根部必須按要求作嵌縫處理。3. 陰陽角應作成圓弧形，并順直、平光。4. 找平層施工：基面有空隙、裂縫、不平等缺陷的，用水泥砂漿修補抹平。使基面必須堅固、平整、干凈，無灰塵、油膩、蠟、脫模劑等以及其他碎屑物質。專業高壓灌漿解釋衛生間的滲漏多因衛生間內部通水管道等的大量鋪設與水的使用頻率大等原因，無論是墻面還是地面容易出現滲水與漏水現象，滲水漏水的處理不當一定會給用戶帶來困擾，嚴重的還會給建筑的穩定與使用壽命帶來威脅。而在憑祥市高壓灌漿維護(hu)中鑒于(yu)其復雜瑣碎的原因應配備(bei)專業人員對其進(jin)行修繕與維護(hu)。

提(ti)示不(bu)管是廚(chu)房、衛生間(jian)還是陽臺，制作防(fang)(fang)水(shui)涂(tu)(tu)層都要遵循(xun)這幾(ji)個(ge)方面(mian);1.做(zuo)好墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體、地(di)面(mian)的基層處理，確保基層表面(mian)堅實(shi)、無(wu)開裂、粉化、脫皮、起鼓等(deng)現(xian)象(xiang)。同時(shi)基層表面(mian)必須清潔、無(wu)灰(hui)塵、無(wu)任何雜物污(wu)跡(ji)。2. 刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)材料(liao)時(shi)是由下至上(shang)，先刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)后刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)地(di)。第一(yi)遍(bian)(bian)橫向(xiang)涂(tu)(tu)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)，第二(er)遍(bian)(bian)縱向(xiang)涂(tu)(tu)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)，相互疊加涂(tu)(tu)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)達到均勻的效(xiao)果(guo)。第一(yi)遍(bian)(bian)和第二(er)遍(bian)(bian)涂(tu)(tu)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)間(jian)隔時(shi)間(jian)最好在(zai)(zai)4-8小時(shi)左右。3.刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)浴(yu)室墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面(mian)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)材料(liao)時(shi)，刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)到地(di)面(mian)離墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高1.8米處。如(ru)果(guo)家里墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面(mian)較潮可(ke)(ke)以(yi)沿(yan)踢(ti)腳線(xian)從地(di)面(mian)向(xiang)上(shang)刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)60厘(li)米。要求防(fang)(fang)水(shui)材料(liao)的厚(hou)度應在(zai)(zai)國家標準的1.5毫米厚(hou)。4.管道接口(kou)、地(di)漏(lou)、馬桶周圍刷(shua)(shua)(shua)(shua)3-5遍(bian)(bian)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)材料(liao)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)更有效(xiao)防(fang)(fang)止局(ju)部(bu)漏(lou)水(shui)。

混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土澆筑(zhu)正值7～8月份高溫季節(jie)，易造成混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土坍(tan)落度(du)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)加(jia)大，降低混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土工作(zuo)度(du)方面(mian)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求，加(jia)之可能(neng)出現(xian)的(de)運輸(shu)(shu)途中(zhong)堵(du)車或(huo)施工中(zhong)出現(xian)臨時(shi)(shi)需處理的(de)問題，使澆搗速(su)度(du)減(jian)緩，延誤(wu)了混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土的(de)入(ru)模時(shi)(shi)間，因時(shi)(shi)間延長(chang)造成混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土坍(tan)落度(du)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)加(jia)大，致使不能(neng)滿足泵送(song)要(yao)(yao)求，此時(shi)(shi)應嚴(yan)禁加(jia)入(ru)生水(shui)，而(er)應采取二(er)次摻(chan)(chan)少量(liang)的(de)FDN2I減(jian)水(shui)劑的(de)后摻(chan)(chan)法(fa)，補償和恢復混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土的(de)坍(tan)落度(du)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)。在配合比中(zhong)FDN2I減(jian)水(shui)劑量(liang)為0.8%，地(di)般該減(jian)水(shui)劑的(de)摻(chan)(chan)量(liang)地(di)高為1%，在后摻(chan)(chan)減(jian)水(shui)劑時(shi)(shi)只考(kao)慮(lv)在0.2%以內。后摻(chan)(chan)法(fa)比先摻(chan)(chan)法(fa)或(huo)同(tong)摻(chan)(chan)法(fa)在相同(tong)摻(chan)(chan)量(liang)下(xia)減(jian)水(shui)作(zuo)用顯著提(ti)高，是(shi)能(neng)補償坍(tan)落度(du)損(sun)失(shi)(shi)的(de)。但應注(zhu)意凡后摻(chan)(chan)減(jian)水(shui)劑的(de)運輸(shu)(shu)車，應快(kuai)速(su)攪拌30轉(zhuan)或(huo)1秒以上。其摻(chan)(chan)量(liang)和攪拌時(shi)(shi)間由專人負(fu)責實施。

單一的(de)建筑材(cai)料(liao)雖然具有(you)一定(ding)的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)能，但必須通過施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作與組(zu)合(he)，才能構成(cheng)(cheng)土木建筑的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，并(bing)獲得相應(ying)的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)功能。因此(ci)歷來(lai)把施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作與組(zu)合(he)的(de)完美性(xing)，視為(wei)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)成(cheng)(cheng)敗(bai)的(de)關(guan)(guan)鍵。無(wu)論(lun)是各(ge)類防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)卷(juan)材(cai)還是防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)，均必須與防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基(ji)層緊密(mi)粘貼或黏結，并(bing)使兩(liang)者成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)整體后(hou)，才能有(you)可靠的(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)屏障。通過長(chang)期的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)實踐和研究后(hou)認為(wei)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基(ji)層表面(即施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)面)必須具備“干(gan)燥、清潔和適當溫度”這(zhe)(zhe)一防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)三大(da)先決(jue)條(tiao)件后(hou)，方(fang)可進行(xing)柔(rou)性(xing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，這(zhe)(zhe)在中(zhong)外(wai)建筑規范和相關(guan)(guan)的(de)教材(cai)、理論(lun)書籍中(zhong)均有(you)論(lun)述。多年來(lai)隨(sui)著(zhu)科學技術的(de)不斷發展(zhan)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)也有(you)了很(hen)大(da)改進，諸(zhu)如為(wei)了減少卷(juan)材(cai)起鼓與開裂，可采(cai)用空鋪法(fa)(fa)、條(tiao)(點)粘法(fa)(fa)、熱熔法(fa)(fa)、冷粘法(fa)(fa)等(deng)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)。應(ying)指出，上述工(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)與措施(shi)(shi)(shi)均有(you)一定(ding)的(de)局限性(xing)，而要使防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)做到滴(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不漏，仍應(ying)全(quan)面遵守有(you)關(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)件的(de)要求。

我們都知道地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)室(shi)(shi)防水(shui)(shui)的(de)設計(ji)對建筑物的(de)影(ying)響非常大(da)，設計(ji)時要(yao)綜合多方面(mian)的(de)因素，采用剛(gang)柔相(xiang)接，因地(di)(di)(di)(di)制宜，綜合治理，防、排、堵相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)原則。根據現場的(de)走訪和多年的(de)防水(shui)(shui)施(shi)工經驗來(lai)給大(da)家介(jie)紹一下(xia)：a.地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)室(shi)(shi)結(jie)構(gou)室(shi)(shi)外(wai)頂板(ban)(ban)宜優先采用結(jie)構(gou)起(qi)坡。b.地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)室(shi)(shi)頂板(ban)(ban)上有覆土時，可(ke)設塑料排水(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)濾(lv)水(shui)(shui)層有組(zu)織收集(ji)積水(shui)(shui)，但必(bi)須進(jin)行專項節點設計(ji)。c.當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)室(shi)(shi)頂板(ban)(ban)被(bei)變(bian)形縫(feng)分隔(ge)時，變(bian)形縫(feng)應作為種(zhong)植分區邊(bian)界，不得跨縫(feng)種(zhong)植。d.當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)室(shi)(shi)頂板(ban)(ban)上無覆土時，可(ke)在卷材防水(shui)(shui)的(de)剛(gang)性保護(hu)層上直接做(zuo)飾面(mian)層。e.也可(ke)采用單(dan)層防水(shui)(shui)做(zuo)法(fa)。