單一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑材(cai)料雖然具(ju)(ju)有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)能，但必須通過(guo)(guo)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作與(yu)組(zu)(zu)合(he)，才能構成土木建(jian)筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)，并獲得(de)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)功能。因此歷來把(ba)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作與(yu)組(zu)(zu)合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)完美性(xing)，視(shi)為(wei)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)成敗(bai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。無論是各類防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)卷材(cai)還是防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)涂料，均(jun)必須與(yu)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基(ji)層緊密粘(zhan)貼或黏結，并使兩(liang)者(zhe)成為(wei)整體后，才能有(you)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)屏障。通過(guo)(guo)長(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實(shi)踐和研究(jiu)后認為(wei)，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基(ji)層表(biao)面(mian)(即施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian))必須具(ju)(ju)備“干燥(zao)、清潔(jie)和適當溫度(du)”這一(yi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)三(san)大先決條件后，方(fang)可(ke)進行柔性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，這在中(zhong)外(wai)建(jian)筑規(gui)范和相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)教材(cai)、理論書(shu)籍中(zhong)均(jun)有(you)論述。多年來隨著科(ke)學技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷發展，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)也有(you)了很大改(gai)進，諸如為(wei)了減少卷材(cai)起鼓與(yu)開裂(lie)，可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)空(kong)鋪(pu)法(fa)、條(點)粘(zhan)法(fa)、熱熔法(fa)、冷粘(zhan)法(fa)等措施。應指出，上述工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)與(yu)措施均(jun)有(you)一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)局限(xian)性(xing)，而(er)要(yao)使防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)做到滴水(shui)(shui)(shui)不漏，仍(reng)應全面(mian)遵守有(you)關施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。

目前建筑(zhu)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料大(da)體上(shang)可分為五類，即(ji)瀝青(qing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、高分子防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)片材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、建筑(zhu)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料、建筑(zhu)密封材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料及防(fang)滲堵漏等特種用(yong)途的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料。每種材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料各(ge)(ge)有其(qi)特性(xing)，因此(ci)必須根據的(de)(de)部位、條件(jian)、所(suo)處的(de)(de)環境(jing)、建筑(zhu)的(de)(de)等級、功能(neng)需要，選用(yong)適當(dang)的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料，發揮各(ge)(ge)類材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料的(de)(de)特性(xing)，使(shi)之獲(huo)得最(zui)佳防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)效果。依據不同的(de)(de)工程部位來選材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，其(qi)選擇(ze)標準(zhun)也不一(yi)致(zhi)。屋面(mian)因長(chang)期暴露，陽光、雪雨直接侵(qin)蝕(shi)，嚴冬酷暑溫度(du)(du)變化大(da)，晝夜之間屋面(mian)板也會發生伸縮，因此(ci)應(ying)選用(yong)耐老化性(xing)能(neng)好的(de)(de)，且(qie)有一(yi)定延伸性(xing)的(de)(de)、耐熱度(du)(du)高的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料。如(ru)聚脂胎改(gai)性(xing)瀝青(qing)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)、三元乙丙片材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)或(huo)瀝青(qing)油氈等。

對于衛生間(jian)(jian)的(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)滲的(de)具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)作。首先，衛生間(jian)(jian)是建筑物中(zhong)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)密集區，施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)應選用(yong)高(gao)質量的(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料與設施(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)施(shi)工(gong)，衛生間(jian)(jian)的(de)滲水(shui)(shui)易發區應使用(yong)混凝(ning)土(tu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)澆筑，排(pai)給水(shui)(shui)管道安(an)設完成后必(bi)須堅持標準的(de)試壓檢測(ce)，還(huan)要做好排(pai)水(shui)(shui)漕路。其(qi)次，在地(di)下室(shi)的(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)漏施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)則應重(zhong)點加強(qiang)對施(shi)工(gong)變(bian)形縫的(de)監控，在進(jin)行(xing)(xing)止水(shui)(shui)帶施(shi)工(gong)前必(bi)須對其(qi)嚴(yan)密性檢查，同時施(shi)工(gong)方還(huan)要對所用(yong)混凝(ning)土(tu)的(de)配比精(jing)度進(jin)行(xing)(xing)把關，以免出現不可(ke)(ke)修復(fu)的(de)局(ju)面。對于衛生間(jian)(jian)的(de)滲水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)治，地(di)下室(shi)與其(qi)有很多相似的(de)地(di)方，可(ke)(ke)以參照衛生間(jian)(jian)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)漏措施(shi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)完善。

屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中，屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)防(fang)滲防(fang)漏(lou)(lou)是(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)非常重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)質量控制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，更是(shi)一(yi)項(xiang)進行其它后(hou)續(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)基礎性工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，是(shi)其他工(gong)(gong)(gong)作優質完成(cheng)的(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)和保(bao)障。之所以重(zhong)要(yao)，解釋原因如(ru)下:一(yi)、發(fa)生滲漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)，滲漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)具(ju)體部位不容易(yi)查找(zhao)，處(chu)理過(guo)程(cheng)受到天氣環境因素的(de)(de)影響(xiang)，處(chu)理返工(gong)(gong)(gong)周期(qi)比(bi)較(jiao)長，還不易(yi)取得較(jiao)為理想的(de)(de)預期(qi)效果。從屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)層(ceng)到結構板面(mian)(mian)基層(ceng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序較(jiao)多，處(chu)理起來(lai)整個過(guo)程(cheng)較(jiao)為繁瑣。二、如(ru)果是(shi)開(kai)發(fa)商開(kai)發(fa)的(de)(de)商品房，屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)滲漏(lou)(lou)問題還會(hui)(hui)直接影響(xiang)開(kai)發(fa)商的(de)(de)營(ying)銷網絡，屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)滲漏(lou)(lou)會(hui)(hui)導致小區(qu)樓盤出售困(kun)難甚至滯銷。試想，如(ru)果小區(qu)內經常發(fa)生屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)(mian)滲漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)質量問題，有哪個小業主會(hui)(hui)買如(ru)此質量低劣的(de)(de)房產。

1.防(fang)(fang)水(shui)位置要(yao)全面(mian)，對(dui)于家庭裝修防(fang)(fang)水(shui)，建議屋頂、廚房、衛生(sheng)間、外墻、陽臺、地(di)下(xia)室或(huo)者(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)樓(lou)的地(di)面(mian) 等都需要(yao)要(yao)考慮做防(fang)(fang)水(shui)。2.防(fang)(fang)水(shui)層(ceng)要(yao)達到一(yi)(yi)(yi)定的厚度，并且均(jun)勻。施工(gong)時有些(xie)施工(gong)人員(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)業務(wu)為(wei)(wei)了省錢，涂刷(shua)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)材料時很薄(bo)，這很容易因(yin)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)人為(wei)(wei)或(huo)自(zi)然原因(yin)導(dao)致防(fang)(fang)水(shui)層(ceng)破壞。3.施工(gong)時要(yao)及(ji)時做好(hao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)邊角的細節處理(li)：墻面(mian)與地(di)面(mian)的接縫(feng)處、陰(yin)陽角、水(shui)管、地(di)漏(lou)和衛生(sheng)潔具(ju)的周邊及(ji)鋪設冷熱管的鑿溝內是重點防(fang)(fang)水(shui)部位。 4.完(wan)工(gong)后要(yao)做閉(bi)水(shui)實驗。如果發現有滲漏(lou)，要(yao)及(ji)時做補救(jiu)處理(li)。5.對(dui)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)層(ceng)進行維護管理(li)：做保護層(ceng)，加強人為(wei)(wei)管理(li)，避免因(yin)為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)意(yi)外因(yin)素破壞防(fang)(fang)水(shui)層(ceng)。

如何選用新型泡沫混凝土公司，材料有多方面的，每種材料有不同的特點，所以要選擇適合自己的防水材料來防水補漏工程,選擇材料有好幾個因素，比如當地的氣候問題、建筑本身部位選材、工程條件要求選材、建筑功能要求選材等等，下面梧州市泡沫混凝土公司說下建筑(zhu)部位(wei)選(xuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)，希望對大家有(you)(you)用(yong)。不(bu)同的建筑(zhu)部位(wei)，對防(fang)(fang)水材(cai)(cai)(cai)料的要求(qiu)也不(bu)盡相(xiang)同。每(mei)種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料都有(you)(you)各自(zi)(zi)的長處和短處，一(yi)種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料不(bu)能包打天下，用(yong)在(zai)什么地方都好的材(cai)(cai)(cai)料是沒(mei)有(you)(you)的，各種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料只(zhi)能互補，而不(bu)可(ke)取代，各自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)用(yong)武之地。屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)防(fang)(fang)水和地下室防(fang)(fang)水，要求(qiu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)性不(bu)同，而浴(yu)間的防(fang)(fang)水和墻面(mian)防(fang)(fang)水更有(you)(you)差別，坡屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)、外形復雜的屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)、金(jin)屬板(ban)基層屋(wu)(wu)面(mian)也不(bu)相(xiang)同，選(xuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)時(shi)均(jun)當細酌。