防水防滲(shen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)水平(ping)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)體現(xian)，是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)整體完工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后重點(dian)驗收環(huan)節，也是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)使用中要(yao)不(bu)斷完善(shan)與(yu)改造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)。做(zuo)好防水防滲(shen)關系(xi)到建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)使用、人民(min)人身(shen)及財產安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大事，必須不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完善(shan)，重點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用是(shi)衡量(liang)(liang)(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)整體結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優劣(lie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)，其(qi)(qi)中，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低是(shi)人們(men)為關心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但無論從建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，還是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用之中，都會遇到材(cai)料老(lao)化、偶然(ran)事件、環(huan)境(jing)因素等對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)形成損耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一些(xie)問題，尤其(qi)(qi)是(shi)投入使用后，質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問題在(zai)所難(nan)免。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中一些(xie)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟如果達(da)標(biao)，就可(ke)以使發生質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)能性(xing)降低，其(qi)(qi)中建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防水防滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就是(shi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問題之一。滲(shen)水、漏水現(xian)象不(bu)僅影響(xiang)了人們(men)正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居住(zhu)與(yu)使用，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會影響(xiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命與(yu)使用安全(quan)，對(dui)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人身(shen)與(yu)財產安全(quan)形成極大威脅對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，做(zuo)好防水防滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)提升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然(ran)要(yao)求(qiu)。

應(ying)選單組(zu)分(fen)環(huan)保(bao)型(xing)的(de)聚氨(an)(an)(an)酯(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，這種材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是目(mu)前建(jian)設(she)部極力推薦(jian)的(de)防水(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。由于(yu)這種材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)能嚴密(mi)地(di)包住管道與地(di)面，滲入縫(feng)隙(xi)，在(zai)干(gan)燥后(hou)不會收縮，因(yin)此比防水(shui)水(shui)泥等剛性材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)更適合(he)用(yong)于(yu)衛(wei)浴(yu)間這種管道、縫(feng)隙(xi)較(jiao)多的(de)小(xiao)面積房屋(wu)。所以客戶購買該類材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)時應(ying)選擇品牌(pai)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，每(mei)平方米的(de)用(yong)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)費約在(zai)50～60元。據(ju)了(le)(le)解，目(mu)前國(guo)內一(yi)些品牌(pai)聚氨(an)(an)(an)酯(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)生(sheng)產廠家(jia)都擁有(you)自己的(de)施工隊伍，市民可(ke)在(zai)購買材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)同時，要(yao)求廠家(jia)提供專業人員。為了(le)(le)讓日后(hou)的(de)防水(shui)期限更為長久，材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)一(yi)般需要(yao)刷上(shang)3遍，為了(le)(le)讓材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)充分(fen)干(gan)透，所以不可(ke)選擇在(zai)陰雨或潮濕(shi)氣候下進行。一(yi)般單組(zu)分(fen)環(huan)保(bao)型(xing)聚氨(an)(an)(an)酯(zhi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)干(gan)透期在(zai)3～4天左右。

涂刷(shua)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)：衛(wei)生間是(shi)(shi)家庭防(fang)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)重(zhong)點(dian)位(wei)置，裝修時一(yi)定要(yao)做防(fang)水(shui)(shui)，以(yi)聚(ju)合(he)物水(shui)(shui)泥基防(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料為(wei)例，有通用型(xing)GS防(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料和柔韌(ren)型(xing)JS防(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料，將材料涂刷(shua)兩(liang)遍，前(qian)后垂(chui)直交叉，單層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)為(wei)0.8～1mm，兩(liang)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)不超(chao)過2mm。陰(yin)陽角、上(shang)(shang)下水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)與地(di)面的(de)(de)接(jie)縫處(chu)：滲漏多(duo)發生在(zai)穿過樓(lou)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)根(gen)、地(di)漏、衛(wei)生潔(jie)具及陰(yin)陽角等部(bu)(bu)位(wei)，原(yuan)因是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)根(gen)、地(di)漏等部(bu)(bu)位(wei)松(song)動、黏結不牢(lao)、涂刷(shua)不嚴密或防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)局部(bu)(bu)損(sun)壞、部(bu)(bu)件搭接(jie)長度(du)不夠。這些邊(bian)邊(bian)角角是(shi)(shi)最容易出現(xian)滲漏的(de)(de)地(di)方，要(yao)注意細(xi)節的(de)(de)施工，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料一(yi)定要(yao)涂刷(shua)到(dao)位(wei)。管(guan)(guan)道、地(di)漏等穿越樓(lou)板(ban)時，其孔(kong)洞周(zhou)邊(bian)的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)必須認真(zhen)施工。上(shang)(shang)下水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)一(yi)律要(yao)做好水(shui)(shui)泥護根(gen)，從地(di)面起向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)刷(shua)10～20cm的(de)(de)聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)材料，然后在(zai)地(di)面再做聚(ju)氨酯(zhi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，加上(shang)(shang)原(yuan)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，組成(cheng)復合(he)型(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)，以(yi)增強防(fang)水(shui)(shui)性能。

（1）稱重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)。目(mu)前市場上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)很多(duo)在(zai)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)跟桶上(shang)(shang)(shang)標明的(de)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)會(hui)(hui)有些差距，消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)購買時可以(yi)(yi)(yi)現場進行稱量(liang)(liang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)免被蒙。（2）查(cha)(cha)詢防(fang)偽碼。現在(zai)造假者(zhe)(zhe)也會(hui)(hui)自設查(cha)(cha)詢電話和查(cha)(cha)詢條碼，消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)可上(shang)(shang)(shang)網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)查(cha)(cha)找正品(pin)商標生產(chan)企業的(de)網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)，根據網(wang)(wang)站(zhan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)提(ti)示(shi)的(de)查(cha)(cha)詢電話查(cha)(cha)詢。（3）檢查(cha)(cha)防(fang)水效(xiao)果(guo)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)聚(ju)合物防(fang)水材料為(wei)例，正品(pin)產(chan)品(pin)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)從墻(qiang)壁、地板上(shang)(shang)(shang)用小(xiao)刀取下膠皮，對折不會(hui)(hui)破，有延(yan)伸性(xing)。許(xu)多(duo)偽劣、假冒產(chan)品(pin)呈粉狀，很難(nan)從墻(qiang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)取下，對折會(hui)(hui)破。

施工圖紙的設計是整個工程的基礎，如果在設計方案的制定階段就存在不足或者出現實際施工數值發生偏差等問題，就會直接導致施工問題的發生，對整個建筑設計過程都造成嚴重的施工影響。合山市樓頂翻修提示建筑施工的開展必須要對房屋滲漏問題進行全面考慮，將可能出現在施工環節中的滲漏問題，在設計方案的制定過程中避免。新型樓頂翻修在進行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案的制定(ding)中，必(bi)須要嚴格按照(zhao)國家相(xiang)關(guan)建(jian)設(she)規(gui)定(ding)來進行，保證所采用的設(she)計方(fang)案符合(he)國家標準，同(tong)時設(she)計單(dan)位要在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)計前，對建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程所處的環境進行詳(xiang)細(xi)的分析，了解(jie)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)所在地可能出(chu)現的氣(qi)候(hou)狀況，對可能出(chu)現的氣(qi)候(hou)問題制定(ding)好預防方(fang)案，保證施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員的順利施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。

防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)一直是一個困擾廣大業主(zhu)的(de)(de)重要問題，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)質量(liang)是否過關，主(zhu)要看建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程是否合(he)格(ge)。雖然(ran)很多業主(zhu)在住進房屋(wu)時，沒有(you)發現(xian)房屋(wu)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)，但是發現(xian)，房屋(wu)的(de)(de)后期使用(yong)可能會由于防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)失效，而(er)導(dao)致房屋(wu)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。那么，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)為何會失效呢(ni)?1、有(you)時候，房屋(wu)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)并不(bu)是因為防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)失效了(le)，而(er)是在防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)時，沒有(you)做好完善的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)設計，導(dao)致建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)墻出現(xian)滲漏(lou)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。2、建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)商在選擇建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)時，由于材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)本身(shen)就(jiu)存在一定的(de)(de)質量(liang)問題，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)孔隙率大、抗滲漏(lou)性能較差，導(dao)致防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程失效，也是比較常見的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。3、在施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中，如(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)對于建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)框(kuang)架(jia)結(jie)構沒有(you)做好，或(huo)者墻體施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)不(bu)符合(he)標準，也會影(ying)響(xiang)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)和防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)效果(guo)(guo)(guo)。解釋如(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)使用(yong)外(wai)墻施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)砂漿(jiang)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)結(jie)性太(tai)差，無(wu)法(fa)與墻面基層(ceng)粘(zhan)貼，也會導(dao)致建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)墻滲漏(lou)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)發生(sheng)。