屋(wu)面的(de)平面和(he)立面交(jiao)角(jiao)處(chu)、暗地室底面和(he)墻面內內政角(jiao)處(chu)、檐口和(he)天溝交(jiao)接(jie)處(chu)、天溝轉角(jiao)處(chu)、兩個立面轉角(jiao)處(chu)構成陰陽(yang)(yang)角(jiao)。解釋這些部位常由(you)(you)于混凝土、沙漿干(gan)縮和(he)溫差變形發作應力集中招致開裂，有些破綻寬(kuan)度(du)可裁減到5mm。陰陽(yang)(yang)角(jiao)的(de)加(jia)強(qiang)層(ceng)可采用卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)條(tiao)，即在交(jiao)角(jiao)處(chu)鋪(pu)貼１層(ceng)100～150mm寬(kuan)的(de)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)條(tiao)予(yu)以加(jia)強(qiang)。但由(you)(you)于卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)較(jiao)硬(ying)挺，在交(jiao)角(jiao)處(chu)難以鋪(pu)平、鋪(pu)實，屢屢采用材(cai)料加(jia)加(jia)強(qiang)胎(tai)體布(bu)作為加(jia)強(qiang)層(ceng)，即在交(jiao)角(jiao)處(chu)涂(tu)150～200mm寬(kuan)、厚1～2mm的(de)加(jia)胎(tai)體的(de)涂(tu)層(ceng)。胎(tai)體鋪(pu)貼時切忌拉緊，應廢弛(chi)不皺(zhou)。在３面交(jiao)角(jiao)處(chu)采用材(cai)料加(jia)強(qiang)，效(xiao)果(guo)就更好了。

在現有的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)技術(shu)和建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)條件下，造(zao)成建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)(wai)墻滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)因素涉及各個(ge)方面，自(zi)然因素、設計(ji)因素、選材因素、技術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)因素、細部(bu)處理因素以及房屋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)交(jiao)付使用因素等，這些因素的(de)(de)(de)存在都有可能造(zao)成房建(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)墻滲(shen)漏(lou)。結(jie)合常見的(de)(de)(de)房建(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)(wai)墻滲(shen)漏(lou)部(bu)位來看，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)(wai)墻滲(shen)漏(lou)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因集中(zhong)表(biao)現在以下方面：防(fang)(fang)水處理是房屋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一(yi)項重要的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。實踐中(zhong)，基于防(fang)(fang)水材料(liao)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)和我國(guo)南北(bei)方氣(qi)候的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)，使房屋的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水設計(ji)帶有一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜性(xing)，一(yi)旦工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水設計(ji)出現問題，則(ze)(ze)將(jiang)直接造(zao)成房屋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)(wai)墻的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)。防(fang)(fang)水處理是房屋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一(yi)項重要的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。實踐中(zhong)，基于防(fang)(fang)水材料(liao)性(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)和我國(guo)南北(bei)方氣(qi)候的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)，使房屋的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水設計(ji)帶有一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜性(xing)，一(yi)旦工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水設計(ji)出現問題，則(ze)(ze)將(jiang)直接造(zao)成房屋建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)(wai)墻的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)。

防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)滲工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)水(shui)(shui)平是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)民建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要體(ti)現(xian)，是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)整體(ti)完(wan)(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)重點驗收環節，也是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)要不(bu)(bu)斷完(wan)(wan)善(shan)與(yu)改造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分。做好防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)滲關系到建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)使用(yong)(yong)、人民人身及財產安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)事，必須不(bu)(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)善(shan)，重點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)是(shi)衡(heng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)整體(ti)結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優劣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵，其中(zhong)(zhong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低是(shi)人們(men)為(wei)關心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但(dan)無論從建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)全過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，還是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)之中(zhong)(zhong)，都(dou)會遇(yu)到材料老化(hua)、偶然(ran)事件、環境因素等對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)形(xing)成損耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)，尤其是(shi)投入使用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)在所難免。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)些施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟如果達標(biao)，就可以使發生質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性降低，其中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)滲施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)就是(shi)常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)(ti)之一(yi)(yi)。滲水(shui)(shui)、漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)現(xian)象不(bu)(bu)僅影(ying)響(xiang)了人們(men)正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居(ju)住(zhu)與(yu)使用(yong)(yong)，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會影(ying)響(xiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命與(yu)使用(yong)(yong)安全，對(dui)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人身與(yu)財產安全形(xing)成極大(da)威(wei)脅對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)民建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，做好防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)滲施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)提升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然(ran)要求。

隨著建筑事業在我國的發展，建筑施工問題受到了廣泛的關注，根據調查顯示，建筑施工過程中的水滲漏問題一直是建筑質量提高的難點，合山市伸縮縫堵漏想要解決這一問題需要投入大量的人力物力，增加建設成本，同時還會嚴重影響建筑工程的建設速度和質量。如果在建設過程中不能徹底解決，還會影響到住宅用戶的生活，水滲透問題會出現在不同的建筑類型中，產生問題的原因受環境和員工的影響也存在著多種可能，因此，在進行建筑施工的過程中，專業伸縮縫堵漏員工要提高(gao)自己的工作素養(yang)，防止(zhi)滲漏問題的出現(xian)。

如何選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用，材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)多(duo)方面(mian)的(de)(de)，每(mei)(mei)種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)特點，所以要選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇適(shi)合(he)自(zi)(zi)己的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)來防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)補(bu)漏工程,選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)好幾個因素，比如當(dang)地(di)的(de)(de)氣候問題、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)本身部(bu)位選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)(cai)、工程條件要求選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)(cai)、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)功(gong)能(neng)要求選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)(cai)等等，下(xia)面(mian)說(shuo)下(xia)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)部(bu)位選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)(cai)，希望對(dui)(dui)大家有(you)(you)用。不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)部(bu)位，對(dui)(dui)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)要求也(ye)不(bu)(bu)盡相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)。每(mei)(mei)種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)都有(you)(you)各(ge)自(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)長處和短處，一種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)包打天下(xia)，用在什么地(di)方都好的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)是沒有(you)(you)的(de)(de)，各(ge)種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)只能(neng)互補(bu)，而(er)不(bu)(bu)可取代(dai)，各(ge)自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)用武(wu)之地(di)。屋面(mian)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)和地(di)下(xia)室防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)，要求材(cai)(cai)性不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，而(er)浴間(jian)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)和墻面(mian)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)更有(you)(you)差別，坡屋面(mian)、外(wai)形復雜的(de)(de)屋面(mian)、金(jin)屬板基層屋面(mian)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)(cai)時(shi)均當(dang)細(xi)酌。

這對于(yu)大部(bu)分人(ren)來說(shuo)就很難解釋清楚了，介紹防(fang)水(shui)(shui)補漏(lou)機理是以其(qi)特有的活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學物質，利用(yong)(yong)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)本身固有的化(hua)(hua)(hua)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)及多孔(kong)(kong)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，以水(shui)(shui)為(wei)載體(ti)，借助水(shui)(shui)的滲透(tou)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)與(yu)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)內的化(hua)(hua)(hua)學物質產生(sheng)反應，順(shun)著或逆著水(shui)(shui)壓方向(xiang)產生(sheng)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，在混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)微孔(kong)(kong)及毛細管中傳輸、充盈、催化(hua)(hua)(hua)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)內未完(wan)全水(shui)(shui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的成份再(zai)次發(fa)生(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，形成不溶性(xing)(xing)(xing)的枝蔓狀結(jie)晶并與(yu)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)結(jie)合為(wei)整體(ti)，使(shi)任何方向(xiang)來的水(shui)(shui)及其(qi)他液(ye)體(ti)被堵塞。解釋當結(jie)構(gou)沒有水(shui)(shui)份時，晶威(wei)的活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)成份會(hui)保(bao)持靜(jing)止狀態(tai)，但(dan)當與(yu)水(shui)(shui)份再(zai)次接觸時，上(shang)述的化(hua)(hua)(hua)學作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)及封閉過程便會(hui)重復發(fa)生(sheng)，而(er)且會(hui)更深入到(dao)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)內，從而(er)達到(dao)長期性(xing)(xing)(xing)的防(fang)水(shui)(shui)、防(fang)潮(chao)、耐化(hua)(hua)(hua)學腐蝕的目的，同時也起到(dao)保(bao)護鋼筋、增強混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)結(jie)構(gou)強度的作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，可自我修復小于(yu)0.41mm的裂(lie)縫。且對人(ren)體(ti)無害、易于(yu)施工(gong)等特點，廣(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)工(gong)業與(yu)民用(yong)(yong)建筑的地(di)下結(jie)構(gou)、地(di)鐵、橋(qiao)梁、路(lu)面、飲用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)廠(chang)、污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處理廠(chang)、電站、水(shui)(shui)利等工(gong)程。