如果是露天陽臺，要進行補漏可以用柏油跟防水布雙重結合的方式來進行，如果是封閉式或者半封閉式陽臺，這樣的隱蔽工程是可以找正規地下室堵漏來進行補漏處理，個人施工還是有一定的難度。為了避免底板和外墻轉角處出現滲漏現象，在300mm高砼導墻施工嚴格把直把質量關，先把底板砼澆筑到吊模下口處的位置，等到砼即將補凝時再澆筑導墻砼。導墻砼澆筑時必須振搗密實，吊模下口翻出的砼不能急于刮除，東興市地下室堵漏要特別注意在這(zhe)個時候導(dao)(dao)墻根部的砼不能(neng)再振(zhen)(zhen)，以免出現吊腳，導(dao)(dao)致滲漏(lou)故障(zhang)的發生(sheng)。為(wei)了控制外(wai)墻蜂窩及裂縫的產生(sheng)，砼施工時要把(ba)握振(zhen)(zhen)搗(dao)和(he)養護關。加(jia)強砼振(zhen)(zhen)搗(dao)，執行“快插慢拔”，嚴(yan)禁出現漏(lou)振(zhen)(zhen)或過(guo)振(zhen)(zhen)而引(yin)起蜂窩。

在(zai)(zai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高分子防(fang)水卷材(cai)時，一般都(dou)會在(zai)(zai)施工前將(jiang)驗收合格的(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)清理干凈(jing)，并(bing)測定基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)干燥度是(shi)否(fou)符合施工要(yao)求，按(an)設計要(yao)求及卷材(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼方(fang)向(xiang)、搭接寬度放線定位，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)彈上粉線；然后(hou)在(zai)(zai)涂刷(shua)(shua)膠粘(zhan)(zhan)劑。那(nei)么如(ru)何使(shi)用(yong)平鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高分子卷材(cai)呢？1、將(jiang)高分子防(fang)水卷材(cai)拆(chai)去包裝紙(zhi)后(hou)開卷鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)在(zai)(zai)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)上并(bing)對準粉線；2、先鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)離上料點遠處，后(hou)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)近(jin)處；3、卷材(cai)與(yu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)涂刷(shua)(shua)膠粘(zhan)(zhan)劑，涂刷(shua)(shua)方(fang)法(fa)(fa)(fa)有（1）條粘(zhan)(zhan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)： 將(jiang)試鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)好的(de)卷材(cai)在(zai)(zai)1/3幅寬沿(yan)長邊對折(zhe)，用(yong)油刷(shua)(shua)沿(yan)長向(xiang)分別往(wang)卷材(cai)、基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)均勻涂刷(shua)(shua)膠粘(zhan)(zhan)劑，呈長條形(xing)，寬度為150mm；（2）滿(man)粘(zhan)(zhan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)：將(jiang)卷材(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)展在(zai)(zai)干凈(jing)的(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)上，將(jiang)卷材(cai)沿(yan)1/2幅寬對折(zhe)，用(yong)長把滾刷(shua)(shua)蘸基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)膠粘(zhan)(zhan)劑滾涂卷材(cai)粘(zhan)(zhan)結面(mian)與(yu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)層(ceng)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)，應留出搭接部(bu)位不(bu)涂膠，長短(duan)邊部(bu)位空出80mm，作搭接用(yong)。

防(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)滲工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)水(shui)(shui)平是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)民建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)體現(xian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)整(zheng)體完(wan)工(gong)(gong)后(hou)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)驗收環(huan)節(jie)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)要(yao)不斷完(wan)善與(yu)(yu)改(gai)造的(de)部(bu)分。做好防(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)滲關(guan)系(xi)到(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)正常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)、人民人身及(ji)財產安(an)全(quan)的(de)大事，必(bi)須不斷的(de)完(wan)善，重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)的(de)研究(jiu)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)實用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)整(zheng)體結果的(de)優劣的(de)關(guan)鍵，其(qi)中(zhong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)高低是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人們(men)為關(guan)心的(de)。但無(wu)論從建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)設計、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)之中(zhong)，都會(hui)遇到(dao)材料老(lao)化(hua)、偶(ou)然事件、環(huan)境因素等對建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)形(xing)成(cheng)損耗(hao)的(de)一些問題，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)投入使(shi)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)，質(zhi)量(liang)問題在(zai)所難免。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)一些施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)步驟如(ru)果達標(biao)，就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)以使(shi)發(fa)生質(zhi)量(liang)問題的(de)可(ke)(ke)能性降低，其(qi)中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)滲施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常見(jian)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)問題之一。滲水(shui)(shui)、漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)現(xian)象不僅影(ying)響了人們(men)正常的(de)居住與(yu)(yu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)的(de)會(hui)影(ying)響建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)壽命與(yu)(yu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)安(an)全(quan)，對人們(men)的(de)人身與(yu)(yu)財產安(an)全(quan)形(xing)成(cheng)極(ji)大威脅對于工(gong)(gong)民建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，做好防(fang)水(shui)(shui)防(fang)滲施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)提(ti)升的(de)必(bi)然要(yao)求。

一般家裝中常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)部位(wei)有(you)廚房，衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)間(jian)(jian)(jian)，陽臺等(deng)，這些地方因為日(ri)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)洗澡，洗衣服，做飯洗菜(cai)等(deng)原因需(xu)要(yao)長期接觸到(dao)水(shui)，如果不提前(qian)做好(hao)防(fang)水(shui)，那么(me)日(ri)積月累(lei)下來很容易出現滲漏的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，那么(me)到(dao)時(shi)候就(jiu)還需(xu)要(yao)扒掉瓷磚重(zhong)新做防(fang)水(shui)了(le)，不僅耗(hao)時(shi)耗(hao)力而且還會影(ying)響(xiang)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)常生(sheng)(sheng)活和鄰里的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系，得不償失。由于中國目前(qian)淋(lin)浴(yu)以用花灑(sa)噴撒(sa)水(shui)站立(li)式居(ju)多，為淋(lin)浴(yu)方便花灑(sa)一般都(dou)是安裝在180cm高左右，且衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)間(jian)(jian)(jian)面(mian)積都(dou)不大(da)，淋(lin)浴(yu)時(shi)水(shui)就(jiu)易出現濺到(dao)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)間(jian)(jian)(jian)四(si)周的(de)(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)面(mian)上，加(jia)之(zhi)水(shui)會在墻(qiang)面(mian)蔓延(yan)滲透入墻(qiang)體，水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)物理具有(you)呈氣態時(shi)會四(si)處流動(dong)，遇到(dao)溫度較低的(de)(de)(de)(de)物體會凝(ning)聚的(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)。綜合上面(mian)各(ge)種(zhong)因素， 因此(ci)建(jian)議：衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)間(jian)(jian)(jian)墻(qiang)面(mian)一定要(yao)做防(fang)水(shui)，且建(jian)議四(si)面(mian)墻(qiang)體都(dou)要(yao)做防(fang)水(shui)，防(fang)水(shui)做的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度需(xu)做到(dao)180cm,最好(hao)至(zhi)頂位(wei)置。

我們都知道地下室(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)的(de)(de)設計對建筑物(wu)的(de)(de)影響非(fei)常大，設計時(shi)(shi)要(yao)綜(zong)合多方面的(de)(de)因素，采(cai)用(yong)(yong)剛(gang)柔相接(jie)，因地制宜，綜(zong)合治理，防(fang)(fang)(fang)、排(pai)、堵相結合的(de)(de)原則。根據(ju)現(xian)場的(de)(de)走(zou)訪和多年(nian)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)施工(gong)經驗(yan)來給(gei)大家(jia)介紹一下：a.地下室(shi)結構室(shi)外頂(ding)(ding)板宜優先采(cai)用(yong)(yong)結構起坡。b.地下室(shi)頂(ding)(ding)板上有覆土(tu)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)設塑料(liao)排(pai)水(shui)板濾水(shui)層有組織收集積水(shui)，但(dan)必須進行(xing)專(zhuan)項節(jie)點設計。c.當(dang)地下室(shi)頂(ding)(ding)板被變形(xing)縫(feng)(feng)分隔(ge)時(shi)(shi)，變形(xing)縫(feng)(feng)應作為種(zhong)植分區邊界，不得(de)跨縫(feng)(feng)種(zhong)植。d.當(dang)地下室(shi)頂(ding)(ding)板上無覆土(tu)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)在卷(juan)材防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)的(de)(de)剛(gang)性保護層上直(zhi)接(jie)做飾(shi)面層。e.也可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)單層防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)做法。