防(fang)水一直是一個困(kun)擾(rao)廣大(da)業(ye)主(zhu)的(de)重要(yao)問(wen)題，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)質量是否過(guo)關(guan)，主(zhu)要(yao)看建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)防(fang)水工(gong)程(cheng)是否合格(ge)。雖然很多業(ye)主(zhu)在(zai)住進房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)時，沒有(you)(you)發(fa)現房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)漏(lou)水的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)，但是發(fa)現，房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)的(de)后期使用可能(neng)會由(you)(you)于防(fang)水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)失效(xiao)，而導致房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)漏(lou)水。那(nei)么，防(fang)水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)為何會失效(xiao)呢(ni)?1、有(you)(you)時候(hou)，房(fang)(fang)屋(wu)漏(lou)水并(bing)不(bu)是因為防(fang)水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)失效(xiao)了(le)，而是在(zai)防(fang)水工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)時，沒有(you)(you)做好完善的(de)防(fang)水設計，導致建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)墻(qiang)出現滲(shen)漏(lou)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。2、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)商在(zai)選擇建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)時，由(you)(you)于材(cai)料(liao)(liao)本(ben)身就存在(zai)一定的(de)質量問(wen)題，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)孔隙(xi)率大(da)、抗滲(shen)漏(lou)性(xing)能(neng)較差，導致防(fang)水工(gong)程(cheng)失效(xiao)，也(ye)是比較常見的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)。3、在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中，如果對于建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)框架(jia)結(jie)構沒有(you)(you)做好，或者(zhe)墻(qiang)體施(shi)工(gong)不(bu)符合標(biao)準，也(ye)會影響防(fang)水施(shi)工(gong)和(he)防(fang)水效(xiao)果。解(jie)釋(shi)如果使用外(wai)墻(qiang)施(shi)工(gong)砂漿的(de)粘結(jie)性(xing)太差，無法(fa)與墻(qiang)面基層粘貼(tie)，也(ye)會導致建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)墻(qiang)滲(shen)漏(lou)情(qing)況(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)發(fa)生。

防(fang)水(shui)防(fang)滲(shen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程水(shui)平是(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民建施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要體(ti)現(xian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑整體(ti)完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后重(zhong)點驗(yan)收環節(jie)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑在(zai)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中要不斷(duan)完(wan)善與改(gai)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分。做好防(fang)水(shui)防(fang)滲(shen)關(guan)系到(dao)建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、人(ren)民人(ren)身及(ji)財(cai)產(chan)安全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)事(shi)，必須不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)善，重(zhong)點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究。建筑質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)與建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程整體(ti)結(jie)果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)劣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵，其(qi)中，建筑質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低(di)是(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)們為關(guan)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但無論從建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程中，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)中，都會遇到(dao)材料(liao)老化(hua)、偶(ou)然事(shi)件、環境因(yin)素等對建筑質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)形成損(sun)耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一些問題(ti)(ti)(ti)，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)投入使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)后，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)所難免。建筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中一些施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步(bu)驟如果達標，就可以使(shi)(shi)發生質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性(xing)降低(di)，其(qi)中建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)防(fang)滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)(ti)(ti)之(zhi)一。滲(shen)水(shui)、漏水(shui)現(xian)象不僅影響(xiang)了人(ren)們正(zheng)常(chang)(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居住與使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，嚴(yan)重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會影響(xiang)建筑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命(ming)與使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)安全(quan)，對人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)身與財(cai)產(chan)安全(quan)形成極大(da)威脅對于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，做好防(fang)水(shui)防(fang)滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)實現(xian)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)提(ti)升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然要求。

屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)墊(dian)層是(shi)在十(shi)(shi)九世紀(ji)七十(shi)(shi)年代后期(qi)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)美國(guo)市場(chang)，作為保大(da)多數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)坡屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)本身并(bing)沒有防(fang)水(shui)功能(neng)。坡屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)排(pai)水(shui)，而冰壩(ba)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形成將(jiang)導致屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積水(shui)，水(shui)就(jiu)會找到路徑(jing)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)屋內。當冰壩(ba)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)氣(qi)(qi)滲入(ru)(ru)外墻(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空隙(xi)時，墻(qiang)體及保溫(wen)層就(jiu)會變得(de)潮濕(shi)，這便是(shi)霉(mei)菌(jun)滋生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)理想環境。介紹屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)墊(dian)層是(shi)在十(shi)(shi)九世紀(ji)七十(shi)(shi)年代后期(qi)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)美國(guo)市場(chang)，sbs防(fang)水(shui)卷材冷粘法作為保護(hu)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)坡屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)在寒(han)冷環境中由于(yu)冰壩(ba)而引(yin)起滲漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一種手段(duan)。在寒(han)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)天氣(qi)(qi)中，當冰壩(ba)形成后而水(shui)堆積在瓦的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)時，問(wen)題(ti)就(jiu)會產生(sheng)。了(le)解(jie)到后來，墊(dian)層材料(liao)開始被應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)溫(wen)和氣(qi)(qi)候條(tiao)件下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建筑物中，以防(fang)止屋面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)因(yin)風吹積雨(yu)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)滲漏(lou)(lou)，或保護(hu)即使在正(zheng)常情況下(xia)也可能(neng)滲漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜節點部位。

現在防水材料首要分為二大類:一、柔性防水材料，如：種材料卷材、JS復合材料、聚氨酯防水材料、防水膠等等乳液性的聚合物防水材料。這些材料首要是包裹住基面，不讓水滲出和滲入，這些材料有必定的延伸率和抗拉才能。僅有缺陷這些材料有必定的防水年限，也就是防水壽命。這些材料廣泛用于百色市彩鋼瓦維修的屋面、衛生間、伸縮縫、落水口、磚石等等基面上。二、剛生防水材料：望文生義，它有高強度，但他缺少延伸率和抗拉才能，但防水壽命長久施工后跟混凝土同等，如：水不漏、水泥基浸透結晶、浸透防水劑、永凝液等等。它們是使用混凝土結構的多孔性透過毛細管現像，使用親水性以水為載體浸透到混凝土內部，發生化學反應，形成結晶體，堵信毛細孔到達防水作用，添加混凝土強度，這些材料廣泛應用于地下室、衛生間、污水池、蘊水池、也可直接用于飲用水池等等。所以現在一般防水要求高的專業彩鋼瓦維修，設計(ji)上會用剛柔結合的防水(shui)方案!

施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙的(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)是整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)基(ji)礎，如果在(zai)(zai)設(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)案(an)的(de)制定(ding)階段(duan)就存在(zai)(zai)不足或者出現實際施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)數值(zhi)發(fa)生(sheng)偏差等(deng)問(wen)(wen)題，就會直接導致施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)問(wen)(wen)題的(de)發(fa)生(sheng)，對整(zheng)個建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)過程(cheng)都造成嚴重(zhong)的(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)影響(xiang)。提示(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)開展必須要(yao)對房屋滲漏問(wen)(wen)題進行(xing)全面考(kao)慮，將可能出現在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)環節(jie)中(zhong)的(de)滲漏問(wen)(wen)題，在(zai)(zai)設(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)案(an)的(de)制定(ding)過程(cheng)中(zhong)避免(mian)。在(zai)(zai)進行(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)的(de)制定(ding)中(zhong)，必須要(yao)嚴格按照國家相(xiang)關建(jian)(jian)設(she)規定(ding)來進行(xing)，保證(zheng)所(suo)采用的(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)案(an)符合國家標(biao)準，同(tong)時設(she)計(ji)(ji)單位(wei)要(yao)在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設(she)計(ji)(ji)前，對建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所(suo)處(chu)的(de)環境進行(xing)詳細的(de)分析，了解施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)在(zai)(zai)地可能出現的(de)氣(qi)候(hou)狀況，對可能出現的(de)氣(qi)候(hou)問(wen)(wen)題制定(ding)好預防方(fang)案(an)，保證(zheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員的(de)順利(li)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。

買(mai)房(fang)(fang)是很多(duo)人的人生目標之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，東(dong)拼西湊(cou)夠首付，買(mai)下(xia)了房(fang)(fang)子，自然(ran)是值(zhi)得高(gao)興(xing)的事(shi)。不過，如果當(dang)你花了很多(duo)心思去將你的房(fang)(fang)子裝修一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)(xin)，然(ran)后興(xing)高(gao)采烈地(di)入了伙，過了一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年半截(jie)，偶然(ran)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天，突然(ran)發現(xian)(xian)家里的有(you)(you)(you)些地(di)方出現(xian)(xian)了裂(lie)縫，那(nei)無疑是件灰常(chang)郁悶(men)的事(shi)。發現(xian)(xian)，實(shi)際上，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)裂(lie)是新(xin)(xin)居入伙之(zhi)后半年到一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年的時間內比較常(chang)見的現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)，可(ke)(ke)能十(shi)戶(hu)(hu)之(zhi)中，有(you)(you)(you)六、七戶(hu)(hu)都會(hui)有(you)(you)(you)這樣的狀況出現(xian)(xian) 。那(nei)么(me)，為什么(me)會(hui)出現(xian)(xian)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)裂(lie)，當(dang)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)裂(lie)出現(xian)(xian)了，又要怎么(me)辦呢(ni)？建議(yi)，在(zai)裝修的過程中，就(jiu)要給墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體進行掛網（一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般來說(shuo)，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)裂(lie)較容易出現(xian)(xian)在(zai)新(xin)(xin)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)與舊墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)之(zhi)間的交(jiao)(jiao)接處，所以通常(chang)情況下(xia)只需在(zai)新(xin)(xin)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)與舊墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)之(zhi)間的交(jiao)(jiao)接處掛網即可(ke)(ke)，如果所有(you)(you)(you)的墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)都掛網的話(hua)，費用成本相對(dui)會(hui)偏高(gao)）。