防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程水(shui)平是(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)體現，是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)整體完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后重點驗收環(huan)節，也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)在使用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)不(bu)斷(duan)完(wan)善與(yu)(yu)(yu)改造的(de)(de)(de)部分(fen)。做(zuo)好(hao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)關系到(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常使用(yong)(yong)、人民(min)(min)人身及財產安(an)(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)大事，必(bi)須不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)善，重點的(de)(de)(de)研究。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)實用(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)衡量(liang)(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程整體結果的(de)(de)(de)優(you)劣的(de)(de)(de)關鍵(jian)，其中(zhong)(zhong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)高低是(shi)(shi)(shi)人們(men)為關心的(de)(de)(de)。但無(wu)論從建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，還是(shi)(shi)(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)之中(zhong)(zhong)，都會遇(yu)到(dao)材料老化、偶然事件、環(huan)境因素等對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)形(xing)成損(sun)耗的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些問(wen)題，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)投入(ru)使用(yong)(yong)后，質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)問(wen)題在所難免。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)些施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟如果達標，就可以(yi)使發生質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)可能性降低，其中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)問(wen)題之一(yi)(yi)。滲(shen)水(shui)、漏水(shui)現象不(bu)僅影響了人們(men)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)居住與(yu)(yu)(yu)使用(yong)(yong)，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)會影響建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)壽命與(yu)(yu)(yu)使用(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)全(quan)，對(dui)人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)人身與(yu)(yu)(yu)財產安(an)(an)全(quan)形(xing)成極大威(wei)脅對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，做(zuo)好(hao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)實現建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)提(ti)升(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)必(bi)然要(yao)求(qiu)。

發現對眾多堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)和防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)的技(ji)術(shu)性(xing)能不(bu)了解,不(bu)重視研(yan)究防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)技(ji)術(shu),國內的防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)大多不(bu)過關(guan)。施工時(shi)不(bu)找漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線(xian)；見縫(feng)(feng)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即騎縫(feng)(feng)打(da)眼(yan)灌漿(jiang)；見墻面(mian)滲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即滿墻打(da)眼(yan)灌漿(jiang)或(huo)在墻面(mian)涂刷表面(mian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)；見沉降(jiang)(jiang)縫(feng)(feng)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即剔鑿填充剛性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)或(huo)灌注熱瀝青堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)等(deng)等(deng),提示這種(zhong)盲目打(da)眼(yan)、盲目灌漿(jiang)、盲目堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的最(zui)終結果是鉆孔不(bu)進(jin)漿(jiang)或(huo)不(bu)易(yi)進(jin)漿(jiang),沉降(jiang)(jiang)縫(feng)(feng)堵(du)剛性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao),裂縫(feng)(feng)后繼續漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),未(wei)真正將漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線(xian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)(feng)堵(du)嚴(yan),造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)不(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)功；單純采用(yong)各種(zhong)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)在砂(sha)漿(jiang)層或(huo)混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)表面(mian)涂刷成(cheng)(cheng)膜堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),忽視了隱蔽漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)(feng)的處理,只有(you)點(dian)堵(du)、線(xian)堵(du)和面(mian)涂堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)相結合才能成(cheng)(cheng)功；對重點(dian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)部(bu)位和沉降(jiang)(jiang)縫(feng)(feng)堵(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)應采用(yong)多道(dao)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線(xian)。

在(zai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高(gao)分(fen)子防水卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)時，一般都會在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)前將(jiang)驗收合格的基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)清理干凈，并測定基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)干燥度(du)(du)是否符合施(shi)工(gong)要(yao)求，按設計要(yao)求及卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼方向、搭(da)接寬度(du)(du)放線定位(wei)，并在(zai)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)彈上粉線；然后(hou)在(zai)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)刷膠(jiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)。那么如何使用(yong)(yong)平鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)法鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高(gao)分(fen)子卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)呢？1、將(jiang)高(gao)分(fen)子防水卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)拆去包裝紙后(hou)開卷(juan)(juan)(juan)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)在(zai)基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上并對(dui)(dui)準粉線；2、先鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)離上料點遠(yuan)處(chu)，后(hou)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)近處(chu)；3、卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)與基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)表面(mian)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)刷膠(jiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)刷方法有(you)（1）條(tiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)法： 將(jiang)試鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)好的卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)在(zai)1/3幅(fu)寬沿長(chang)邊對(dui)(dui)折(zhe)，用(yong)(yong)油刷沿長(chang)向分(fen)別往(wang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)、基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)表面(mian)均勻(yun)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)刷膠(jiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)，呈長(chang)條(tiao)形，寬度(du)(du)為150mm；（2）滿粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)法：將(jiang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)展在(zai)干凈的基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)上，將(jiang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)沿1/2幅(fu)寬對(dui)(dui)折(zhe)，用(yong)(yong)長(chang)把滾刷蘸基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)膠(jiao)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)滾涂(tu)(tu)(tu)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)粘(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)結面(mian)與基(ji)(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)表面(mian)，應留(liu)出搭(da)接部(bu)位(wei)不(bu)涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膠(jiao)，長(chang)短邊部(bu)位(wei)空(kong)出80mm，作(zuo)搭(da)接用(yong)(yong)。

事實上，防水材料與基層粘貼(黏結)好壞，是決定防水工程質量的重要因素。屋面防水價格發現，大量工程實踐證明，如防水施工的三大先決條件完全做到.則使用防水材料檔次雖低一些，亦可盡其發揮所具備的性能，而獲得較好的防水效果。如先決條件未能滿足至適當程度，雖使用高檔的防水材料，亦不能達到應有的功效。崇左市屋面防水分(fen)析，由于(yu)防水材(cai)料與基層(ceng)表面(mian)不(bu)能粘貼或黏結完好，此(ci)時(shi)附著于(yu)表面(mian)的卷材(cai)或涂膜(mo)，一(yi)旦被雨水浸(jin)入(ru)，即(ji)可由混凝土基層(ceng)的裂縫或空(kong)隙(縫隙)等處進入(ru)室內，為此(ci)而(er)造成滲漏的實例亦不(bu)勝枚舉。