1、從(cong)事建筑防水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)企業必(bi)(bi)須(xu)具有防水(shui)(shui)專業施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資質證(zheng)書，監理(li)應對其(qi)企業資格(ge)及(ji)人員資格(ge)進行(xing)審(shen)查確(que)認(ren)。2、防水(shui)(shui)層的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)層必(bi)(bi)須(xu)堅(jian)固、平整、干(gan)(gan)凈、不(bu)起砂(sha)、不(bu)起皮。涂(tu)膠防水(shui)(shui)層及(ji)嵌填密封(feng)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)層必(bi)(bi)須(xu)干(gan)(gan)燥。3、嚴(yan)格(ge)防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)進場報驗(yan)程序和見證(zheng)送檢(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)度(du)，經(jing)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)合(he)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)才準予用于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程。4、柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)防水(shui)(shui)層完成后(hou)必(bi)(bi)須(xu)及(ji)時(shi)做(zuo)好保護(hu)層。保護(hu)層施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)，應采(cai)取(qu)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)保護(hu)措施(shi)，避免破壞防水(shui)(shui)層。5、防水(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程中應執行(xing)自(zi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)、互檢(jian)(jian)(jian)、交接(jie)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查等制(zhi)度(du)，嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)從(cong)基(ji)層、防水(shui)(shui)層到保護(hu)層的(de)(de)(de)逐層隱蔽檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查驗(yan)收制(zhi)度(du)。6、已(yi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)防水(shui)(shui)層進行(xing)抽檢(jian)(jian)(jian)取(qu)樣實測(ce)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查，確(que)認(ren)其(qi)厚度(du)(便數(shu))是否符合(he)設計和規范要(yao)求。

在(zai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)防水卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)時(shi)，一般都會在(zai)施工(gong)前將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)驗收合格的基(ji)層(ceng)清理干凈(jing)，并(bing)測定(ding)基(ji)層(ceng)干燥度是否(fou)符合施工(gong)要求，按設計要求及(ji)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼方向、搭(da)接寬(kuan)(kuan)度放線(xian)定(ding)位，并(bing)在(zai)基(ji)層(ceng)彈上(shang)(shang)粉(fen)線(xian)；然(ran)后(hou)在(zai)涂刷(shua)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)。那(nei)么如何使用(yong)平鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)法(fa)(fa)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)貼高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)呢？1、將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)高(gao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)防水卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)拆去包裝紙后(hou)開(kai)卷(juan)(juan)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)在(zai)基(ji)層(ceng)上(shang)(shang)并(bing)對準(zhun)粉(fen)線(xian)；2、先鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)離上(shang)(shang)料點遠處，后(hou)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)近處；3、卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)與基(ji)層(ceng)表面涂刷(shua)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)，涂刷(shua)方法(fa)(fa)有（1）條(tiao)粘(zhan)法(fa)(fa)： 將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)試(shi)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)好的卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)在(zai)1/3幅(fu)寬(kuan)(kuan)沿長(chang)邊對折，用(yong)油刷(shua)沿長(chang)向分(fen)別往(wang)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)、基(ji)層(ceng)表面均勻(yun)涂刷(shua)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)，呈長(chang)條(tiao)形，寬(kuan)(kuan)度為(wei)150mm；（2）滿粘(zhan)法(fa)(fa)：將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)鋪(pu)(pu)(pu)展在(zai)干凈(jing)的基(ji)層(ceng)上(shang)(shang)，將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)沿1/2幅(fu)寬(kuan)(kuan)對折，用(yong)長(chang)把滾刷(shua)蘸基(ji)層(ceng)膠(jiao)(jiao)粘(zhan)劑(ji)(ji)滾涂卷(juan)(juan)材(cai)粘(zhan)結面與基(ji)層(ceng)表面，應留出搭(da)接部(bu)(bu)位不涂膠(jiao)(jiao)，長(chang)短邊部(bu)(bu)位空(kong)出80mm，作搭(da)接用(yong)。

在現有(you)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)技術(shu)和建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)條件下(xia)，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外墻(qiang)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素涉及各個方面，自然因(yin)素、設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)因(yin)素、選材(cai)因(yin)素、技術(shu)工(gong)藝(yi)因(yin)素、細部(bu)處理因(yin)素以(yi)及房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)交付(fu)使(shi)用因(yin)素等(deng)，這些因(yin)素的(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在都有(you)可能(neng)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)外墻(qiang)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)。結合常見的(de)(de)(de)房(fang)(fang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外墻(qiang)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)部(bu)位來看，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外墻(qiang)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)原因(yin)集中(zhong)表現在以(yi)下(xia)方面：防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理是房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)重要的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。實(shi)踐中(zhong)，基(ji)于(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)和我國(guo)南(nan)(nan)北方氣(qi)候的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)，使(shi)房(fang)(fang)屋的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)帶(dai)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)復雜性(xing)，一(yi)(yi)旦工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)出現問(wen)題(ti)，則將直接(jie)(jie)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外墻(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)。防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處理是房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)項(xiang)重要的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。實(shi)踐中(zhong)，基(ji)于(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料性(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)和我國(guo)南(nan)(nan)北方氣(qi)候的(de)(de)(de)差(cha)異(yi)(yi)，使(shi)房(fang)(fang)屋的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)帶(dai)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)復雜性(xing)，一(yi)(yi)旦工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)出現問(wen)題(ti)，則將直接(jie)(jie)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)房(fang)(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)外墻(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)漏(lou)(lou)。

專業屋面堵漏防水一般需要做兩遍，48小時后做閉水試驗，確定無滲漏，防水方為合格。防水材料一般具有隔水的效果，同時會降低水泥砂漿的附著力。貼瓷磚時，可使用墻錮或瓷磚膠來增強其附著力。其實，一般開發商做的遍防水都很水，可能會采用比較差點防水材料，時間久了，防水效果會大打折扣，到時候再補救為時已晚。而且，后期裝修時可能會破壞原開發商做的防水，所以，裝修時做防水是很有必要的。專業屋面堵漏提示防水是家裝中很重要的(de)(de)一道工序，尤其是夏季降水豐富(fu)，如果你(ni)不想(xiang)屋外下大(da)雨，屋內下小雨，在裝修(xiu)時(shi)一定要做好防水，避免給自(zi)己和樓下鄰居的(de)(de)居家生活造成不必要的(de)(de)困擾。