涂(tu)(tu)刷防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)：衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)間是家庭防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)重(zhong)點位(wei)置，裝修時(shi)一定(ding)要做(zuo)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，以(yi)聚(ju)合物水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥基防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料為(wei)例，有通用(yong)型GS防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料和柔韌型JS防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料，將材(cai)(cai)(cai)料涂(tu)(tu)刷兩遍，前后垂直(zhi)交叉，單(dan)層(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)為(wei)0.8～1mm，兩層(ceng)厚(hou)度(du)(du)不(bu)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)2mm。陰陽角(jiao)、上(shang)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)與(yu)地(di)面(mian)的(de)(de)接縫處：滲(shen)漏多(duo)發生(sheng)(sheng)在穿過(guo)(guo)樓(lou)(lou)層(ceng)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)根(gen)、地(di)漏、衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)潔具及陰陽角(jiao)等部(bu)(bu)位(wei)，原因是管(guan)(guan)(guan)根(gen)、地(di)漏等部(bu)(bu)位(wei)松動、黏結不(bu)牢、涂(tu)(tu)刷不(bu)嚴密或防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)局部(bu)(bu)損壞、部(bu)(bu)件(jian)搭接長度(du)(du)不(bu)夠。這些邊邊角(jiao)角(jiao)是最容易出(chu)現(xian)滲(shen)漏的(de)(de)地(di)方，要注意(yi)細節(jie)的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料一定(ding)要涂(tu)(tu)刷到位(wei)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)道、地(di)漏等穿越樓(lou)(lou)板時(shi)，其孔洞(dong)周(zhou)邊的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)必須(xu)認真施(shi)工(gong)。上(shang)下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)一律要做(zuo)好水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泥護(hu)根(gen)，從(cong)地(di)面(mian)起向上(shang)刷10～20cm的(de)(de)聚(ju)氨(an)酯(zhi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料，然后在地(di)面(mian)再(zai)做(zuo)聚(ju)氨(an)酯(zhi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)，加上(shang)原防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)，組(zu)成復(fu)合型防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)，以(yi)增強防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性能。

1、從事建筑防水工程施工的企業必須具有防水專業施工資質證書，監理應對其企業資格及人員資格進行審查確認。2、專業衛生間防水防水層的基層必須堅固、平整、干凈、不起砂、不起皮。涂膠防水層及嵌填密封材料的基層必須干燥。3、嚴格防水材料的進場報驗程序和見證送檢制度，經檢驗合格的防水材料才準予用于工程。4、柔性防水層完成后必須及時做好保護層。衛生間防水廠家保護層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)施(shi)工時，應采取有效的保護措施(shi)，避免破壞防水層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)。5、防水工程(cheng)施(shi)工過程(cheng)中(zhong)應執行(xing)自檢(jian)、互檢(jian)、交接(jie)檢(jian)及工序檢(jian)查等制(zhi)度(du)(du)，嚴格執行(xing)從(cong)基(ji)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、防水層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)到保護層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的逐層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)隱(yin)蔽檢(jian)查驗(yan)收制(zhi)度(du)(du)。6、已(yi)施(shi)工的柔性防水層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)進行(xing)抽(chou)檢(jian)取樣實測檢(jian)查，確認(ren)其(qi)厚(hou)度(du)(du)(便數)是否符合設(she)計和規(gui)范要(yao)求。

【補漏(lou)措施】(1)將滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)部(bu)位(wei)清理(li)干凈，用水(shui)(shui)泥基防水(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)作(zuo)堵(du)滲(shen)(shen)處理(li)。(2)將滲(shen)(shen)水(shui)(shui)部(bu)位(wei)清理(li)干凈后(hou)，提示用聚氨(an)酯防水(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)等配合(he)纖維增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)作(zuo)堵(du)滲(shen)(shen)處理(li)。(3)在(zai)漏(lou)水(shui)(shui)部(bu)位(wei)嵌填，粘貼或注入柔性(xing)或彈性(xing)防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)；(4)在(zai)表面用彈性(xing)防水(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)和纖維材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)做(zuo)增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)防水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)。(5)清理(li)管外(wai)側空(kong)間的(de)嵌填密封材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)或注漿(jiang)，嚴密堵(du)塞；(6)管與地(di)下室(shi)壁(bi)面連(lian)接根部(bu)用索涂高(gao)分子防水(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)配合(he)纖維材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)做(zuo)增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)防水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)。介紹除可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用壁(bi)內和壁(bi)后(hou)注漿(jiang)，防水(shui)(shui)混凝土(tu)貼壁(bi)襯砌、水(shui)(shui)泥砂(sha)漿(jiang)，掛網水(shui)(shui)泥砂(sha)漿(jiang)抹面等方法外(wai)，也可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用防水(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)(liao)，先(xian)引流排水(shui)(shui)，然后(hou)填縫堵(du)洞，杜(du)絕滲(shen)(shen)漏(lou)。

發現(xian)對眾多堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)材(cai)料(liao)和(he)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)技(ji)術(shu)性(xing)能不了(le)(le)解,不重視(shi)研究防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)技(ji)術(shu),國內的(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)材(cai)料(liao)大多不過關。施工時不找漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點、漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線；見(jian)縫(feng)漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)騎縫(feng)打(da)眼灌(guan)漿(jiang)；見(jian)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)滿墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)打(da)眼灌(guan)漿(jiang)或在墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)面涂刷(shua)(shua)表(biao)(biao)面材(cai)料(liao)；見(jian)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)剔鑿填充剛(gang)性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)或灌(guan)注熱(re)瀝青堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)等(deng)等(deng),提示這種盲目(mu)打(da)眼、盲目(mu)灌(guan)漿(jiang)、盲目(mu)堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)的(de)最終結果是(shi)鉆孔不進漿(jiang)或不易進漿(jiang),沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)剛(gang)性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao),裂(lie)縫(feng)后繼續(xu)漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),未真正(zheng)將漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點、漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線、漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)嚴,造成堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)不成功；單(dan)純采用(yong)各種材(cai)料(liao)在砂漿(jiang)層或混凝(ning)土表(biao)(biao)面涂刷(shua)(shua)成膜堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou),忽視(shi)了(le)(le)隱蔽漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點、漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)的(de)處理,只有(you)點堵(du)(du)、線堵(du)(du)和(he)面涂堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)相結合(he)才(cai)能成功；對重點漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)部位和(he)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)應采用(yong)多道防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線。