如(ru)果(guo)是露天陽(yang)臺，要(yao)進行補(bu)漏可(ke)(ke)以用柏(bo)油跟防水布雙重結合的方式(shi)來(lai)進行，如(ru)果(guo)是封閉式(shi)或者半封閉式(shi)陽(yang)臺，這樣的隱(yin)蔽工(gong)程是可(ke)(ke)以找來(lai)進行補(bu)漏處理(li)，個(ge)人施(shi)工(gong)還是有一定的難度。為(wei)了避免(mian)底板和外墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)轉角處出現(xian)滲漏現(xian)象，在(zai)300mm高砼(tong)導(dao)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)施(shi)工(gong)嚴格把直(zhi)把質量關，先把底板砼(tong)澆(jiao)筑到吊模下(xia)口處的位置(zhi)，等到砼(tong)即將補(bu)凝時(shi)再(zai)澆(jiao)筑導(dao)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)砼(tong)。導(dao)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)砼(tong)澆(jiao)筑時(shi)必須振(zhen)搗密實，吊模下(xia)口翻出的砼(tong)不能(neng)急(ji)于(yu)刮除(chu)，要(yao)特別注意(yi)在(zai)這個(ge)時(shi)候導(dao)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)根部的砼(tong)不能(neng)再(zai)振(zhen)，以免(mian)出現(xian)吊腳，導(dao)致(zhi)滲漏故障的發生。為(wei)了控制外墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)蜂窩及裂縫的產生，砼(tong)施(shi)工(gong)時(shi)要(yao)把握振(zhen)搗和養護關。加強砼(tong)振(zhen)搗，執(zhi)行“快插慢拔”，嚴禁(jin)出現(xian)漏振(zhen)或過振(zhen)而(er)引起蜂窩。

如(ru)何選(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)，材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)多方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，每種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)點(dian)，所以要(yao)(yao)(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)擇適合自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)來防水補漏工(gong)(gong)程,選(xuan)(xuan)擇材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有(you)(you)好幾個因(yin)素，比如(ru)當(dang)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣候問(wen)題、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)本身部(bu)位選(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)、工(gong)(gong)程條件要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)選(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)選(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)等(deng)等(deng)，下(xia)(xia)面(mian)說(shuo)下(xia)(xia)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)部(bu)位選(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)，希望(wang)對(dui)大家有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)部(bu)位，對(dui)防水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)盡相(xiang)同(tong)。每種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)都有(you)(you)各自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)處和短處，一種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)包打天下(xia)(xia)，用(yong)(yong)在什么地方都好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)是沒有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，各種(zhong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)只能(neng)(neng)互補，而不(bu)(bu)(bu)可取(qu)代，各自有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)武之地。屋(wu)面(mian)防水和地下(xia)(xia)室(shi)防水，要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)材(cai)性不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，而浴(yu)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防水和墻(qiang)面(mian)防水更有(you)(you)差別，坡屋(wu)面(mian)、外形復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屋(wu)面(mian)、金屬板基層屋(wu)面(mian)也不(bu)(bu)(bu)相(xiang)同(tong)，選(xuan)(xuan)材(cai)時(shi)均當(dang)細(xi)酌。

新型衛生間防水在墻板混凝土配合比設計試配，確定設計配合比階段，采取了降低水灰比的措施。底板與墻板同為C30P12，而底板的水灰比為0.47。而墻板的水灰比為0.41，混凝土的坍落度指標底板為18～20厘米，墻板坍落度指標控制在14～16厘米。采取該措施的目的在于減少用水量、降低混凝土的收縮。在混凝土澆筑階段，采用二次振搗的工藝，即在混凝土初凝前進行二次振搗。避免混凝土因沉降收縮而引起的裂縫。憑祥市衛生間防水提醒這些措(cuo)施的(de)實施對控制(zhi)墻體裂縫(feng)的(de)出現是非(fei)常有必要(yao)的(de)。在(zai)澆(jiao)筑過程中其他方面的(de)控制(zhi)均與底板的(de)控制(zhi)措(cuo)施方法相同。

【補漏措施】(1)將滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)部位清理(li)(li)干凈(jing)，用(yong)水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)基(ji)防水(shui)(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)作堵滲(shen)處理(li)(li)。(2)將滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)部位清理(li)(li)干凈(jing)后(hou)，提(ti)示用(yong)聚氨(an)酯防水(shui)(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)配(pei)合(he)纖維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)作堵滲(shen)處理(li)(li)。(3)在漏水(shui)(shui)部位嵌填，粘貼(tie)或注(zhu)(zhu)入(ru)柔性或彈性防水(shui)(shui)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)；(4)在表面(mian)用(yong)彈性防水(shui)(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和纖維(wei)(wei)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)做(zuo)增強(qiang)防水(shui)(shui)層。(5)清理(li)(li)管外側(ce)空間的嵌填密封材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)或注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)，嚴密堵塞(sai)；(6)管與地下室壁(bi)面(mian)連(lian)接根部用(yong)索涂(tu)(tu)高(gao)分(fen)子防水(shui)(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)配(pei)合(he)纖維(wei)(wei)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)做(zuo)增強(qiang)防水(shui)(shui)層。介紹除可采用(yong)壁(bi)內(nei)和壁(bi)后(hou)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)，防水(shui)(shui)混凝土貼(tie)壁(bi)襯(chen)砌、水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)砂(sha)漿(jiang)，掛網水(shui)(shui)泥(ni)砂(sha)漿(jiang)抹面(mian)等(deng)方法外，也可采用(yong)防水(shui)(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，先引流排水(shui)(shui)，然后(hou)填縫(feng)堵洞，杜絕滲(shen)漏。

1、從事建筑(zhu)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)企(qi)業必(bi)須(xu)具有(you)(you)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)專業施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)質證書，監(jian)理應對其企(qi)業資(zi)格及(ji)人(ren)員資(zi)格進(jin)(jin)行審查(cha)確認。2、防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)的(de)(de)基(ji)層(ceng)必(bi)須(xu)堅固、平整、干(gan)凈、不起砂、不起皮。涂(tu)膠防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)及(ji)嵌填(tian)密封材(cai)料的(de)(de)基(ji)層(ceng)必(bi)須(xu)干(gan)燥。3、嚴格防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料的(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)場報驗程(cheng)序(xu)和見證送檢制(zhi)度(du)，經檢驗合格的(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)料才準(zhun)予用于工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)。4、柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)完(wan)成后(hou)必(bi)須(xu)及(ji)時做好保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時，應采取有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)措施(shi)，避免(mian)破壞防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)。5、防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中應執行自檢、互檢、交(jiao)接檢及(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)檢查(cha)等制(zhi)度(du)，嚴格執行從基(ji)層(ceng)、防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)到保(bao)(bao)護(hu)層(ceng)的(de)(de)逐層(ceng)隱(yin)蔽檢查(cha)驗收(shou)制(zhi)度(du)。6、已施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)柔(rou)性(xing)(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)進(jin)(jin)行抽檢取樣實測檢查(cha)，確認其厚度(du)(便(bian)數)是否符合設(she)計和規范要求。