DH-814Ⅱ型聚(ju)氨酯幫(bang)助(zhu)堵漏(lou)(lou)膠(jiao)是遇水(shui)(shui)(shui)即反應，由于水(shui)(shui)(shui)參與了反應，漿液(ye)不會被水(shui)(shui)(shui)稀釋沖走(zou)，這是其他灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿材料所不具(ju)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點；漿液(ye)在壓力作用下，灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)入混凝(ning) 土裂縫(feng)，同時向裂縫(feng)周(zhou)圍蔓延，當遇水(shui)(shui)(shui)時又(you)發生反應，發泡(pao)膨脹(zhang)，形成(cheng)二(er)次(ci)蔓延，繼續滲(shen)入混凝(ning)土縫(feng)隙(xi)，形成(cheng)網狀結(jie)構(gou)，成(cheng)為密度小(xiao)、含水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性體(ti)，有(you)(you)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 適應變形能(neng)力，止水(shui)(shui)(shui)性好(hao)。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計和(he)布(bu)(bu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong) 灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)布(bu)(bu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)有(you)(you)騎縫(feng)和(he)斜(xie)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)兩種形式，建議根(gen)據(ju)實際情況(kuang)和(he)需(xu)要加以選(xuan)擇，必要時兩者(zhe)并用。（1） 灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計：灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)漿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)，應使孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和(he)漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)裂縫(feng)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)隙(xi)相交，并選(xuan)在漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量深處。（2） 布(bu)(bu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)原則：注漿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)眼的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)和(he)數量，需(xu)根(gen)據(ju)不同漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)情況(kuang)進(jin)行合理安排，以導(dao)出漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)為目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，在集中漏(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處布(bu)(bu)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，裂縫(feng)大，水(shui)(shui)(shui)流量大，則孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)距大，縫(feng)小(xiao)則孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)距小(xiao)。

貴港市后澆帶堵漏混凝土澆筑正值7～8月份高溫季節，易造成混凝土坍落度損失加大，降低混凝土工作度方面的要求，加之可能出現的運輸途中堵車或施工中出現臨時需處理的問題，使澆搗速度減緩，延誤了混凝土的入模時間，因時間延長造成混凝土坍落度損失加大，致使不能滿足泵送要求，此時應嚴禁加入生水，而應采取二次摻少量的FDN2I減水劑的后摻法，補償和恢復混凝土的坍落度損失。新型后澆帶堵漏在(zai)配合(he)比中FDN2I減(jian)(jian)水劑(ji)量(liang)(liang)為0.8%，地(di)般(ban)該減(jian)(jian)水劑(ji)的(de)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)地(di)高為1%，在(zai)后摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)減(jian)(jian)水劑(ji)時只考慮在(zai)0.2%以(yi)內。后摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)法(fa)比先(xian)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)法(fa)或(huo)同(tong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)法(fa)在(zai)相(xiang)同(tong)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)下減(jian)(jian)水作用顯著(zhu)提高，是(shi)能補(bu)償(chang)坍落度損失的(de)。但應注意凡后摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)減(jian)(jian)水劑(ji)的(de)運輸車，應快(kuai)速攪(jiao)(jiao)拌30轉或(huo)1秒以(yi)上(shang)。其(qi)摻(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)和攪(jiao)(jiao)拌時間由(you)專(zhuan)人負(fu)責(ze)實(shi)施。

單(dan)一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)料(liao)雖然具有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，但必須(xu)通(tong)過施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)操(cao)作(zuo)與組(zu)合，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)構成土(tu)木建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，并獲得相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)。因此(ci)歷來把施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)操(cao)作(zuo)與組(zu)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)美性(xing)，視為(wei)(wei)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)成敗(bai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)(guan)鍵(jian)。無論(lun)(lun)是各類(lei)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)卷材(cai)還(huan)是防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)涂料(liao)，均必須(xu)與防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基層緊密粘(zhan)貼或黏結，并使(shi)兩者成為(wei)(wei)整(zheng)體后，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)有(you)(you)(you)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)屏障。通(tong)過長期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實(shi)踐和研(yan)究后認為(wei)(wei)，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)基層表面(mian)(即施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)面(mian))必須(xu)具備“干燥(zao)、清潔和適當溫度”這一(yi)(yi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)先決條件(jian)后，方可(ke)進(jin)(jin)行柔性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，這在(zai)中外(wai)建(jian)筑(zhu)規范(fan)和相關(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教材(cai)、理論(lun)(lun)書(shu)籍中均有(you)(you)(you)論(lun)(lun)述(shu)。多年(nian)來隨著(zhu)科學(xue)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷(duan)發展，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)也有(you)(you)(you)了很(hen)大(da)改進(jin)(jin)，諸如為(wei)(wei)了減少卷材(cai)起鼓與開(kai)裂，可(ke)采用空(kong)鋪法(fa)(fa)、條(點)粘(zhan)法(fa)(fa)、熱熔法(fa)(fa)、冷粘(zhan)法(fa)(fa)等(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。應(ying)指出(chu)，上述(shu)工(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)與措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)均有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)局(ju)限(xian)性(xing)，而(er)要(yao)使(shi)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)做(zuo)到滴水(shui)(shui)(shui)不漏，仍應(ying)全面(mian)遵守有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)條件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。

屋面(mian)(mian)的平(ping)面(mian)(mian)和(he)(he)(he)立面(mian)(mian)交角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)、暗地室底面(mian)(mian)和(he)(he)(he)墻面(mian)(mian)內(nei)內(nei)政(zheng)角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)、檐口和(he)(he)(he)天溝交接(jie)處(chu)、天溝轉角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)、兩個立面(mian)(mian)轉角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)構成陰陽角(jiao)(jiao)。解釋這些部位常由于混凝(ning)土、沙(sha)漿(jiang)干縮和(he)(he)(he)溫差(cha)變(bian)形(xing)發作應(ying)力(li)集(ji)中招致開裂，有些破綻寬度可(ke)裁(cai)減到(dao)5mm。陰陽角(jiao)(jiao)的加(jia)(jia)強層(ceng)(ceng)可(ke)采用(yong)卷(juan)材(cai)條(tiao)，即在交角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)鋪(pu)貼１層(ceng)(ceng)100～150mm寬的卷(juan)材(cai)條(tiao)予以(yi)加(jia)(jia)強。但由于卷(juan)材(cai)較硬挺，在交角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)難以(yi)鋪(pu)平(ping)、鋪(pu)實(shi)，屢屢采用(yong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)加(jia)(jia)加(jia)(jia)強胎體(ti)布作為加(jia)(jia)強層(ceng)(ceng)，即在交角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)涂(tu)150～200mm寬、厚1～2mm的加(jia)(jia)胎體(ti)的涂(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)。胎體(ti)鋪(pu)貼時切忌拉緊，應(ying)廢弛不皺(zhou)。在３面(mian)(mian)交角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)采用(yong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)加(jia)(jia)強，效果就更好了(le)。