一般家裝(zhuang)(zhuang)中常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)部位有廚房，衛(wei)(wei)生間(jian)，陽臺等(deng)，這些地方(fang)因為日(ri)常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)洗(xi)澡(zao)，洗(xi)衣服(fu)，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)飯洗(xi)菜等(deng)原因需要長期接觸(chu)到(dao)(dao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，如果不提前(qian)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，那么日(ri)積月累下來(lai)很容易(yi)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)滲(shen)漏的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，那么到(dao)(dao)時(shi)候就還(huan)需要扒掉瓷(ci)磚重新做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)了，不僅(jin)耗時(shi)耗力而(er)且還(huan)會(hui)影(ying)響自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)日(ri)常(chang)生活和鄰里(li)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系，得不償失。由于中國目前(qian)淋(lin)(lin)浴以用花灑噴撒水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)站(zhan)立式居(ju)多，為淋(lin)(lin)浴方(fang)便(bian)花灑一般都是(shi)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)180cm高左右，且衛(wei)(wei)生間(jian)面(mian)(mian)積都不大，淋(lin)(lin)浴時(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)就易(yi)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)濺到(dao)(dao)衛(wei)(wei)生間(jian)四周的(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)上，加之水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)會(hui)在(zai)墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)蔓延滲(shen)透入墻(qiang)體(ti)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)物理具有呈氣態時(shi)會(hui)四處流動，遇到(dao)(dao)溫度(du)較(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)物體(ti)會(hui)凝聚的(de)(de)(de)特點。綜(zong)合上面(mian)(mian)各(ge)種因素， 因此建議：衛(wei)(wei)生間(jian)墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)一定要做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，且建議四面(mian)(mian)墻(qiang)體(ti)都要做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)高度(du)需做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)到(dao)(dao)180cm,最(zui)好(hao)至頂位置。

1、介(jie)紹(shao)(shao)柔(rou)性(xing)灰漿(jiang)：柔(rou)性(xing)灰漿(jiang)需按(an)照一(yi)定比(bi)例(li)進行配(pei)比(bi)才能使用(yong)，經過配(pei)比(bi)后的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水堵(du)漏(lou)材(cai)料具(ju)(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)(de)彈性(xing)，對墻(qiang)面和地面的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水施工(gong)(gong)效果(guo)比(bi)較(jiao)明(ming)顯，并且不(bu)受基層(ceng)的(de)(de)影響，即使基層(ceng)出現(xian)開裂或變形現(xian)象，也(ye)不(bu)會影響柔(rou)性(xing)灰漿(jiang)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水效果(guo)。2、介(jie)紹(shao)(shao)聚氨酯(zhi)類：聚氨酯(zhi)類防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水堵(du)漏(lou)材(cai)料能夠用(yong)于(yu)室內和室外，為了更好(hao)的(de)(de)達到(dao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水效果(guo)，在進行施工(gong)(gong)時，需要(yao)將防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水層(ceng)的(de)(de)厚度(du)粉刷至(zhi)3mm左右，同(tong)時還具(ju)(ju)有很好(hao)的(de)(de)彈性(xing)，所以不(bu)會因為基層(ceng)的(de)(de)變形或開裂，導致防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水層(ceng)開裂。但是由于(yu)聚氨酯(zhi)類防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水材(cai)料具(ju)(ju)有刺激性(xing)氣味，無法(fa)達到(dao)環保要(yao)求，所以一(yi)般(ban)不(bu)會用(yong)于(yu)室內防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水施工(gong)(gong)中，更適合用(yong)于(yu)室外防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水施工(gong)(gong)。

防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)一(yi)直是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個困擾廣大(da)業(ye)主的(de)(de)(de)重要問(wen)題，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)過關，主要看建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)合格。雖(sui)然很多(duo)業(ye)主在(zai)(zai)住進房(fang)屋(wu)時(shi)，沒有(you)(you)(you)發現房(fang)屋(wu)漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)情況，但是(shi)(shi)發現，房(fang)屋(wu)的(de)(de)(de)后期使用可能(neng)會由(you)于(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)失效，而導(dao)致房(fang)屋(wu)漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)。那么，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)何會失效呢?1、有(you)(you)(you)時(shi)候(hou)，房(fang)屋(wu)漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)并(bing)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)因(yin)為(wei)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)失效了，而是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)，沒有(you)(you)(you)做好(hao)完(wan)善的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)設計，導(dao)致建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)墻出現滲漏情況。2、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)商在(zai)(zai)選擇建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)本身就存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)問(wen)題，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)孔隙(xi)率大(da)、抗滲漏性(xing)能(neng)較(jiao)差，導(dao)致防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)失效，也是(shi)(shi)比較(jiao)常見的(de)(de)(de)情況。3、在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，如果(guo)對于(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)框架(jia)結構沒有(you)(you)(you)做好(hao)，或者墻體施(shi)工(gong)(gong)不(bu)符合標準，也會影響防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)效果(guo)。解釋如果(guo)使用外(wai)墻施(shi)工(gong)(gong)砂漿的(de)(de)(de)粘結性(xing)太差，無(wu)法(fa)與墻面基層粘貼，也會導(dao)致建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)外(wai)墻滲漏情況發生。

隨(sui)著(zhu)建(jian)筑(zhu)事業在我國的(de)(de)(de)發展，建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)問(wen)題(ti)受(shou)到(dao)了廣泛的(de)(de)(de)關注，根據調查顯示，建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)滲漏問(wen)題(ti)一(yi)直是建(jian)筑(zhu)質量(liang)提高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)難點，想要(yao)解決這一(yi)問(wen)題(ti)需要(yao)投入(ru)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)人力物(wu)力，增加建(jian)設成本，同時還會嚴重影(ying)響建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設速度和質量(liang)。如果在建(jian)設過(guo)程中不能徹底解決，還會影(ying)響到(dao)住宅用戶的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活，水(shui)滲透(tou)問(wen)題(ti)會出(chu)現在不同的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)類型中，產(chan)生(sheng)問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)因受(shou)環(huan)境和員工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響也存在著(zhu)多種(zhong)可能，因此，在進行建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中，員工(gong)(gong)要(yao)提高(gao)自己的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作素養(yang)，防止滲漏問(wen)題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)現。

單一的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)材料雖然具(ju)有一定的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)能(neng)，但必須(xu)通過(guo)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操(cao)作與(yu)(yu)組合，才(cai)能(neng)構成土木建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，并獲得相應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)功能(neng)。因此歷來(lai)把施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操(cao)作與(yu)(yu)組合的(de)(de)(de)完美性(xing)，視為(wei)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)成敗(bai)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵。無論(lun)是(shi)(shi)各(ge)類防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)卷材還是(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)涂料，均必須(xu)與(yu)(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)基層(ceng)緊密(mi)粘(zhan)貼或黏結，并使(shi)兩者成為(wei)整體(ti)后(hou)，才(cai)能(neng)有可靠的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)屏障。通過(guo)長期的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)實踐(jian)和研究后(hou)認為(wei)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)基層(ceng)表面(mian)(即施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian))必須(xu)具(ju)備“干燥、清潔和適當溫度”這一防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)三(san)大先決條(tiao)件(jian)后(hou)，方可進行(xing)柔性(xing)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，這在(zai)中(zhong)外建(jian)筑(zhu)規范和相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)材、理論(lun)書(shu)籍中(zhong)均有論(lun)述(shu)。多年來(lai)隨著(zhu)科學(xue)技術的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發展，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)也有了(le)很(hen)大改進，諸如為(wei)了(le)減少卷材起鼓(gu)與(yu)(yu)開(kai)裂，可采用空鋪法(fa)、條(tiao)(點)粘(zhan)法(fa)、熱熔法(fa)、冷粘(zhan)法(fa)等措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。應(ying)(ying)指出，上(shang)述(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法(fa)與(yu)(yu)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)均有一定的(de)(de)(de)局限(xian)性(xing)，而要使(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)做到滴水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)漏，仍(reng)應(ying)(ying)全面(mian)遵守有關(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)要求。

（1）外墻清洗第一天開工前，現場主管需要帶領安全員檢查并做好落實安全措施；（2）待確認安全措施無誤，現場主管可指揮作業人員進入工作區域；（3）外墻清洗施工中隨時保持高度警惕，發現隱患，專業防水公司應立即采取果斷措施及時糾正；（4）檢查安全員工作執行情況，勿使松懈；（5）每天協同甲方負責人員對工作進行驗收，貴港市防水公司應對出現的質量問題及(ji)時(shi)安排返(fan)工；（6）每(mei)天(tian)工作(zuo)結束檢查、驗收無誤后，向公(gong)司(si)匯報當天(tian)工作(zuo)情況。主(zhu)管雖(sui)然不用(yong)上陣工作(zuo)，但是在底下做好管理工作(zuo)也相當重要，更(geng)利于提高工作(zuo)的效率，降低(di)危險(xian)性(xing)。