1、地面向地漏方向找坡，用水泥砂漿或豆石混凝土都可以，但表面要平整。一般門口附近坡度小，地漏附近坡度大，根據具體情況掌握。管線穿樓板根部，正規屋面防水提示要加強防水。管根建筑密封膏封嚴，水泥抹平滑后，刷防水材料時貼玻璃絲布加強層1~2層。地漏附近也是同樣的措施。2、地面防水層應涂刷出衛生間門口以外300寬。欽州市屋面防水提示防(fang)水(shui)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)的防(fang)水(shui)層要高(gao)出(chu)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)200，有(you)淋(lin)浴額(e)衛生間墻(qiang)面(mian)(mian)防(fang)水(shui)層應高(gao)出(chu)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)1800。3、水(shui)是無孔不入(ru)的，它借著(zhu)風壓和對流還有(you)沖(chong)擊、附著(zhu)、毛細等力量(liang)，逐漸滲入(ru)建(jian)筑的內部，而且在滲透(tou) 的過(guo)程(cheng)不易從(cong)表面(mian)(mian)發(fa)覺。換言(yan)之，找(zhao)尋漏水(shui)原因必須深入(ru)“內臟(zang)”分析判斷(duan)，才能對癥下藥。

防(fang)(fang)(fang)水防(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)(shen)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程水平是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要體現(xian)，是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)整體完(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)重點驗收環節，也是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在使用(yong)中要不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)完(wan)善與(yu)改造(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)。做好防(fang)(fang)(fang)水防(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)(shen)關系到(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正常(chang)使用(yong)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身及財(cai)產安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)事，必須不(bu)斷(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)善，重點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)用(yong)是(shi)衡量(liang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程整體結果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優劣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵，其中，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低(di)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們為(wei)關心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。但無論從建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設計、施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全過(guo)程中，還(huan)是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)之中，都會遇到(dao)(dao)材料老(lao)化、偶(ou)然事件、環境因素等對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)形(xing)成(cheng)損耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些(xie)(xie)問題(ti)，尤其是(shi)投(tou)入使用(yong)后(hou)，質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)在所難免。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中一(yi)些(xie)(xie)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步驟如果達(da)標，就(jiu)可以使發生質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能性降低(di)，其中建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水防(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)(shen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)就(jiu)是(shi)常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)之一(yi)。滲(shen)(shen)水、漏水現(xian)象(xiang)不(bu)僅影(ying)響(xiang)了人(ren)(ren)(ren)們正常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)居住(zhu)與(yu)使用(yong)，嚴重的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會影(ying)響(xiang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)命與(yu)使用(yong)安全，對(dui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)身與(yu)財(cai)產安全形(xing)成(cheng)極大(da)威脅對(dui)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)民(min)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，做好防(fang)(fang)(fang)水防(fang)(fang)(fang)滲(shen)(shen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，是(shi)實(shi)現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)提升的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)必然要求。

發(fa)現對眾多(duo)(duo)堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)材料(liao)和(he)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材料(liao)的技術性(xing)能(neng)不(bu)了解,不(bu)重視研究防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)技術,國內(nei)的防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)材料(liao)大多(duo)(duo)不(bu)過關。施工時不(bu)找漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線；見(jian)(jian)縫(feng)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)騎縫(feng)打眼灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)；見(jian)(jian)墻(qiang)面滲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)滿墻(qiang)打眼灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)或(huo)(huo)在墻(qiang)面涂刷表面材料(liao)；見(jian)(jian)沉(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)即(ji)剔鑿填充剛性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材料(liao)或(huo)(huo)灌(guan)注熱(re)瀝青堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)等(deng)等(deng),提示(shi)這種(zhong)(zhong)盲(mang)目(mu)打眼、盲(mang)目(mu)灌(guan)漿(jiang)(jiang)、盲(mang)目(mu)堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的最終結果是鉆孔不(bu)進漿(jiang)(jiang)或(huo)(huo)不(bu)易進漿(jiang)(jiang),沉(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)(du)剛性(xing)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)材料(liao),裂縫(feng)后(hou)繼續漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),未真正將漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)(du)嚴,造成(cheng)堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)不(bu)成(cheng)功；單純采(cai)用各種(zhong)(zhong)材料(liao)在砂漿(jiang)(jiang)層(ceng)或(huo)(huo)混凝土表面涂刷成(cheng)膜堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou),忽視了隱蔽(bi)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)縫(feng)的處理,只有點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堵(du)(du)(du)、線堵(du)(du)(du)和(he)面涂堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)相結合才能(neng)成(cheng)功；對重點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)部位和(he)沉(chen)降(jiang)縫(feng)堵(du)(du)(du)漏(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)應采(cai)用多(duo)(duo)道(dao)防(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)線。

我們都知道地(di)下(xia)室防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)設計(ji)(ji)對建筑物的(de)(de)影響非常大，設計(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)要綜(zong)合(he)(he)多方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)因(yin)素，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)剛柔相接，因(yin)地(di)制(zhi)宜，綜(zong)合(he)(he)治理，防(fang)(fang)、排(pai)、堵(du)相結合(he)(he)的(de)(de)原則。根據現場的(de)(de)走訪和多年的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)施工經驗(yan)來給大家介紹一下(xia)：a.地(di)下(xia)室結構室外頂板(ban)(ban)宜優先采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)結構起坡。b.地(di)下(xia)室頂板(ban)(ban)上有覆土(tu)時(shi)(shi)，可設塑(su)料排(pai)水(shui)(shui)板(ban)(ban)濾水(shui)(shui)層(ceng)有組織收集積水(shui)(shui)，但必須進行專項節點設計(ji)(ji)。c.當地(di)下(xia)室頂板(ban)(ban)被變形縫(feng)分(fen)隔(ge)時(shi)(shi)，變形縫(feng)應(ying)作為種植(zhi)分(fen)區邊(bian)界，不得跨縫(feng)種植(zhi)。d.當地(di)下(xia)室頂板(ban)(ban)上無覆土(tu)時(shi)(shi)，可在(zai)卷(juan)材防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)剛性保護層(ceng)上直接做(zuo)飾面(mian)(mian)層(ceng)。e.也可采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)單層(ceng)防(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)做(zuo)法。